Cotton
Scientific Name
Gossypium hirsutum
pH
5.5-8.5
Temperature
Seed Germination [16-34 deg. C] Veg. Growth and Dev. [ 25-30 deg. C] Flowering and fruiting [26-32 deg. C] and ensure that "Night should be cool"
Rainfall
at least 500mm of well distributed rainfall [500-1500]
Altitude
Terai and Inner Terai range
Sowing Time
Ashar-Shrawan
Seed Rate
25-30 kg per ha
Fertilizer Application
FYM/ Compost 10-15 t/ha and 60:40:20 kg NPK per ha.
66% of N and whole P and K as basal and remaining dose of Nitrogen is applied during squaring.
66% of N and whole P and K as basal and remaining dose of Nitrogen is applied during squaring.
Weeds
Giant ragweed, Palmer amaranth
Weeding
20-40 DAS is critical stage for weeding
Weed Management
Smoothering of weeds by mulching with straw / plastic sheets etc.
Use power of hand operated implements for maintaining crop weeed free for initial 8
– 9 weeks DAS.
Pre – emergence application of pendimethalin (0.75 to 1.25 kg a.i/ha) or alachlor (
2.0 – 2.5 kg a.i/ha) or diuron ( 0.75 to 1.5 kg a.i./ha ) or trifluralin ( 0.96 to 1.2 kg
a.i/ha) or pre – plant incorporation of fluchloralin ( 0.9 to 1.2 kg a.i/ha) control both
types of weeds effectively.
At post emergence stage (1.5 to 30 DAS ) Paraquate @ 0.3 – 0.5 lit. a.i/ha may be
applied as direct spray.
Use power of hand operated implements for maintaining crop weeed free for initial 8
– 9 weeks DAS.
Pre – emergence application of pendimethalin (0.75 to 1.25 kg a.i/ha) or alachlor (
2.0 – 2.5 kg a.i/ha) or diuron ( 0.75 to 1.5 kg a.i./ha ) or trifluralin ( 0.96 to 1.2 kg
a.i/ha) or pre – plant incorporation of fluchloralin ( 0.9 to 1.2 kg a.i/ha) control both
types of weeds effectively.
At post emergence stage (1.5 to 30 DAS ) Paraquate @ 0.3 – 0.5 lit. a.i/ha may be
applied as direct spray.
Irrigation
Total irrigations 2-10 [ before flowering, during flowering and fruiting and during ripening]
Earthing up and Hoeing
Inter cultivation depends on no. of irrigations, generally carried out after each irrigation.
Harvesting Index
After balls open.
Harvesting
2-3 months for maturation of bolls. It is picked 3-4 times in case of hand picking and 2-3 times in case of mechanised harvesting. First picking when 30-40% of bolls open, second when 30-40% of bolls left after first pickings are opened and third harvest at 2-3 weeks of second picking.
Post Harvest Activities
Cotton bolls are taken safely preventing any contact to moisture and ginning/ delinting action is carried out. The lint and fuzz are used to make various byproducts with lint being of rather a superior quality.
Marketing
Cotton clothes and other byproducts of fuzz are marketed.
Insect
American Bollworm, Pink Bollworm, Spotted/Spiny Bollworm, Aphids, Jassids, Whitefly, Thrips, Red Cotton Bug (Stainer), Leaf worm / Semiloopers
Controlled by seed treatment with Trichoderma spp. @ 4 gm per kg. of seed after acid delinting for soil and seed borne diseases.
Use selective insecticides (Endosulfan) during early fruiting phase of crop growth.
Alternate with various chemical groups (Cyclodine, Organophosphates, Carbamates, Pyrethroids and insect growth regulator).Pyrethroids usage should be restricted to twice (1-2) in the cropping period depending on the incidence of spotted and pink bollworms. Whitefly controlled by . Acetamiprid 30 – 40 gram a.i. / ha ; Thiomethoxam 25 gram a.i / ha
Controlled by seed treatment with Trichoderma spp. @ 4 gm per kg. of seed after acid delinting for soil and seed borne diseases.
Use selective insecticides (Endosulfan) during early fruiting phase of crop growth.
Alternate with various chemical groups (Cyclodine, Organophosphates, Carbamates, Pyrethroids and insect growth regulator).Pyrethroids usage should be restricted to twice (1-2) in the cropping period depending on the incidence of spotted and pink bollworms. Whitefly controlled by . Acetamiprid 30 – 40 gram a.i. / ha ; Thiomethoxam 25 gram a.i / ha
Disease
Angular Leaf Spot or Black Arm Disease
Vascular Wilt Disease
Grey Mildew or Dahiya Disease
Anthracnose Disease
Root Rot Disease
Boll Rot Disease
Leaf Spot or Blight Disease
Reddening or Lalya Disease
2, 4-D Injury Disease
Tobaaco Streak Virus Disease
Virus can be eliminated by taking prevention from their carriers and fungal diseases can be prevented by seed treatment with appropriate fungicides.
The most common problem of boll rot is controlled as: Spray Fenvalerate 75 g a.i./ha + Copper oxychloride 0.2% or Carbendazim 0.1% or Mancozeb ) 0.2% from 45th day at 15 days interval. Two or three sprays are necessary.
Vascular Wilt Disease
Grey Mildew or Dahiya Disease
Anthracnose Disease
Root Rot Disease
Boll Rot Disease
Leaf Spot or Blight Disease
Reddening or Lalya Disease
2, 4-D Injury Disease
Tobaaco Streak Virus Disease
Virus can be eliminated by taking prevention from their carriers and fungal diseases can be prevented by seed treatment with appropriate fungicides.
The most common problem of boll rot is controlled as: Spray Fenvalerate 75 g a.i./ha + Copper oxychloride 0.2% or Carbendazim 0.1% or Mancozeb ) 0.2% from 45th day at 15 days interval. Two or three sprays are necessary.
Varieties
Tamcot SP-37(Terai and Inner Terai of Mid and Far Western Development Region)
H-777
F-1054
H-1098
H-1054
Recommended Area